Txiav plaub hau

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau rau khaub hlab?

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau rau khaub hlab? Lo lus nug no cuam tshuam txawm tias nrog cov khoom siv dav dav ntawm cov paib, curlers, thiab stylers. Qee zaum cov xwm txheej yuam koj siv qhov qub, qhov tseeb.

Txawm hais tias kev yoojyim ntawm cov qauv, qhov kev tshwm sim tau zoo. Tom qab tshem tawm cov khoom sib dhos, lub taub hau tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov curls zoo nkauj, cov plaub hau yuav zoo nkauj heev. Ntxiv ib qho “zais cia” txoj kev nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig tshwm sim rau lub arsenal ntawm curl cov hau kev.

Txujci Qhov Zoo

"Pog" tus qauv muaj ntau yam zoo:

  • khaub hlab "curlers" tsis lwj cov plaub hau, haum rau curling nyias, tsis muaj zog strands,
  • cov khoom haum uas tsim nyog: kab txaij ntawm cov paj rwb ntaub, ntaub qhwv,
  • cov txiaj ntsig ntawm curl kav ntev (4-5 teev lossis ntau dua, nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm styling thiab zoo ntawm cov plaub hau)
  • txawv txawv curlers ntaub yog tsim rau tsim curls hauv cov ntxhais,
  • qub khoom siv yuav pab tawm nyob rau hauv ib qhov teeb meem thaum hluav taws xob dheev ploj, lub curling hlau tsoo, koj tsis nco qab coj ib qho khoom siv curling.

Kawm cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj Mikozoral kho zawv plaub hau.

Txog kev thaiv cov plaub hau Estelle hauv tsev, nyeem cov lus no.

Cov lus qhia ntxaws

Rov ua qhov txheej txheem lossis nyeem cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias koj tsis paub txog txheej txheem txheej txheem. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ceev, koj tuaj yeem tsim ib txwm zoo nkauj curls nrog daim ntaub qhwv (cov khaub ncaws dog dig).

Koj xav tau dab tsi:

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau nyob hauv tsev nrog khaub hlab? Cov kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam cov lus qhia:

  • txiav ib daim ntaub qhwv tawv 10-15 cm ntev, ua tib yam haujlwm nrog daim ntaub (dav 5-6 cm). Cov khoom yuav haum rau ib qho twg, tsis yog qhov tshiab. Rau tsim cov curlers qub, piv txwv li, daim ntawv qub,
  • ntxuav koj cov plaub hau, qhuav, zuag ntsis, thov npaj-ua lossis hauv tsev ua kom zoo nkauj. Yog tias tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi ntawm tes, tsis txhob ziab rau cov plaub hau kom txog thaum kawg, caws plaub hau damp,
  • faib cov strands rau hauv ntau thaj chaw. Caw plaub hau nrog txiav kom thiaj li tsis cuam tshuam los yog sib sau nrog ib txoj hlua khi,
  • cais ib txoj kab nqaim, kho qhov xaus ntawm plaub hau nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov ntaub los yog ntaub qhwv nrog kab nrig,
  • cua cov plaub mos nrog ib txoj hlua ntawm cov ntaub, zoo li cov curlers li niaj zaus,
  • yob lub caws mus rau qhov ntev yam xav tau, khi qhov xaus ntawm daim ntaub qhwv (khaub hlab) rau pob,
  • npog koj lub taub hau nrog phuam qhwv caj dab: cua sov yuav txhim khu cov nyhuv. Txoj phuam qhwv yuav tsum tsis txhob tuab heev, txwv tsis pub cov strands yuav tsis qhuav zoo,
  • tos rau qee lub sijhawm, daws lub pob caus, ua tib zoo tshem rawg "curlers",
  • zuag lub curls nrog koj cov ntiv tes los yog txhuam muag muag. Puas muaj tshuaj tsuag plaub hau hauv koj txhais tes? Xauv lub styling.

Kawm paub txhua yam txog kev siv roj tsis muaj roj los ntawm cov plaub hau rau plaub hau.

Lub palette ntawm ammonia-dawb plaub hau xim tau piav nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv no.

Ntawm http://jvolosy.com/uhod/articles/brovi-hnoj.html nyeem txog kev ntxiv dag thiab staining pob muag nrog henna.

Cov Lus Qhia Uas Siv Tau

Cov tswv yim me me yuav pab tsim cov curls nplua nuj los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo. Ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov poj niam uas ua tiav siv cov paj rwb lossis caws.

Yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab? Cov lus pom zoo rau qhov tshwm sim zoo:

  • cua tshuab rau yam ntxwv thaum hmo ntuj. Hauv 7-8 teev, cov curls yuav muaj sijhawm kom qhuav, lawv yuav "nkag" zoo, thiab yuav tuav ntev ntev. Sijhawm tsawg kawg rau “txheej txheem” yog 3-4 teev,
  • kev siv cov styling tebchaw yuav ua rau kom caws khov,
  • yog tias koj cua koj cov plaub hau nyob nruab hnub, tsis txhob npog koj lub taub hau nrog daim ntaub kom cov kab txaij ntawm cov plaub hau yuav qhuav dua,
  • rau kev pw tsaug zog ib hmos, nco ntsoov npog koj lub taub hau nrog txoj phuam qhwv caj dab: txoj kev no cov nodules yuav tsis poob, lawv yuav cuam tshuam tsawg dua,
  • tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntau koj yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg ntawm lub sijhawm ua txhua yam ntawm cov plaub hau,
  • yog tias koj muaj plaub hau tuab, tawv plaub hau, kom muaj ntsej muag zoo, nco ntsoov thov cov dej ua npuas ncauj, mousse, txoj kev kho mob hauv tsev (npias, dej qab zib, nplooj muaj zog tshuaj yej),
  • "pog" curling tus qauv muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov xauv nyias,
  • yog tias cov plaub hau ua xim, kom ntub cov strands kom zoo: nrog kev hloov pauv, lub txiav ntawm curls tsis tuaj yeem nrawm dua. Nws raug nquahu rau nchuav cov xim pleev xim nrog cov kua roj vanish tom qab daim ntaub tsis muaj plaub hau "curlers",
  • Cov cuab yeej yooj yim yog ib txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tsim kom tau txais qhov pom zoo ntawm cov menyuam ntxhais. Cov kab txaij ntawm cov ntaub (ntaub qhwv) tsis ua rau puas cov plaub mos mos, tsis txhob hlawv daim tawv nqaij zoo li cua sov plaub hau curlers (styler, curling hlau). Rau cov matinee hauv tsev kawm qib kindergarten (tsev kawm ntawv) caws cov xauv rau yav hmo ntuj: thaum sawv ntxov koj tus ntxhais huab tais yuav zoo siab nrog qhov tshwm sim.

Ib nthwv dej hauv tsev nrog cov ntaub qhwv lossis cov khaub ncaws yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim los tsim qhov nthuav hairstyle nrog curls. Kev xyaum, thiab koj yuav ib txwm khiav tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj kev cia siab. Tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob, qhov tsis tseem ceeb curling hlau, lub tshuab ziab plaub hau yuav tsis thaiv koj ntawm kev tsim cov curls zoo nkauj.

Rags - Kev Pabcuam Zoo

Yog tias peb sib piv cov ntaub so ntswg zoo tib yam nrog cov nplaig thiab cov curlers, ces qhov zoo ntawm thawj yuav tsis kam:

  • Hom no suav hais tias yog qhov tseem tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, vim hais tias nws ua rau tshem tawm kev kho kub ntawm plaub hau,
  • Waving tsis ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov, nrog cov ntaub mos muag curlers koj tuaj yeem ruaj ntseg mus rau hauv txaj,
  • Qhov kev siv kom raug ntawm cov lus qhia yuav tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo uas tsis muaj qhov qis dua rau kev ua haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv salon. Koj tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag hauv cov kev pabcuam ntawm masters. Tsis tas li, koj tuaj yeem cua lub strands txawm nyob ntawm txoj kev, vim rau qhov no koj yuav tsis xav tau cov khoom siv ntxiv,
  • Qhov muaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv. Au, qee yam, tab sis ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem pom hauv lub txee dai ntawm txhua qhov zoo nkauj.

Yuav ua li cas ua curlers los ntawm khaub ncaws?

Cov qauv no ntawm cov plaub hau curling muaj ntau qhov ua tsis zoo:

  • cov plaub hau tsis raug rau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kub ceev,
  • stylish curls nrog kev pab ntawm khaub ncaws tsis tas yuav tsum tau mus ntsib cov khw txiav plaub hau, koj tuaj yeem tau lawv hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm - nyob hauv tsev,
  • lub sijhawm ua cov txheej txheem no, cov plaub hau tsis raug rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj siv rau curling,
  • koj tuaj yeem txawm cua strands uas nyuaj rau nteg ntawm ntaub papillots,
  • Rags tsis cuam tshuam nrog pw tsaug zog (tsis yog txhua tus plaub hau curlers tuaj yeem hais qhov no).

Yuav kom cua koj cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib zaug blanks ib zaug. Ntaub papillots tuaj yeem siv ntau zaus. Qhov no txuag tau nyiaj. Txij li cov qauv no ntawm cov plaub hau curling yog maj, nws tuaj yeem siv txawm rau cov ntxhais hluas. Tus me nyuam yuav tsaug zog zoo rau ntawm "curlers", thiab thaum sawv ntxov khoom kim heev curls yog tau lees tias.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov tsis zoo rau cov qauv styling no:

  • yog tias koj cua lub tsev tsis tas siv kev txhim kho txhais tau tias, lawv yuav ceev nrooj tsis so,
  • cov neeg uas tsis tau ua ntej lawv cov plaub hau li no yuav raug kev txom nyem me ntsis thawj zaug,
  • txhawm rau txhawm rau curls ntawm ntaub papillots, nws siv sijhawm ntau dua li yog tias styling tau nqa nrog ib lub curling hlau.

Yuav ua li cas ua cov khaub ncaws rau plaub hau?

Txhawm rau ua cov papillots zoo li no, koj yuav xav tau txiab, xaum qhuav, ib tus pas ntsuas thiab ib daim ntaub paj rwb. Cov khoom tseem ceeb tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov ntaub nyias nyias, cov ntaub qhwv los yog kab xeb. Yog tias cov khaub hlab siv es tsis txhob siv curlers, styling blanks tau ua raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Npaj ib daig ntaub. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev txiav ib qho loj dua, vim tias ib qho me me yuav tsis txaus.
  2. Kos cov ntaub (tib txoj kev kom tau txais tib qho loj me me workpieces). Cov kab txaij yuav tsum yog 5-6 cm dav thiab 15-20 cm ntev.
  3. Txiav cov ntaub raws cov chaw ciaj ciam.

Yuav ua li cas ua curlers los ntawm khaub hlab thiab ntawv?

Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov papillots no tsis siv sijhawm ntau. Rags thiab ntawv curlers ua qhov no:

  1. Cov ntaub yog txiav mus rau hauv ib daim hlab, qhov ntev ntawm uas yog 10-15 cm, thiab dav yog 2-3 cm.
  2. Cov duab plaub yog cim rau ntawm daim ntawv (lawv yuav tsum me dua ntawm qhov txiav ntawm qhov loj me). Tom qab ntawd lawv raug txiav tawm.
  3. Muab cov ntaub tso rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov ntawv thiab quav nws ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm phuam.

Yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau nrog cov khaub hlab?

Los ntawm thawj tus txheej txheem no, koj yuav tsum npaj cov plaub hau. Ua li no, ntxuav koj cov plaub hau nrog tsuaj zawv plaub hau, vim hais tias curling tsuas yog ua rau ntawm lub taub hau huv. Ntxiv nrog rau tus kws tu plaub hau hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no:

  1. Ua ntej winding cov strands, lawv yuav tsum tau them nrog tus neeg sawv cev txhim kho. Rau qhov no, mousse lossis ua npuas yog tsim nyog.
  2. Yog tias muaj sijhawm ntau, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tso cai kom cov plaub hau kom qhuav ntawm ib qho twg. Ua tsis tiav siv lub tshuab ziab plaub hau yuav pab koj cov plaub hau kom noj qab haus huv ntev dua.
  3. Curls ua rau khaub hlab yuav tsum tau untwisted kom zoo zoo, txwv tsis pub lawv cov qauv tsis zoo yuav raug ua txhaum.
  4. Tom qab tshem cov papillot, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv txhuam li niaj zaus. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua qauv yuav yog daim scallop nrog cov hniav uas tsis tshua muaj lossis tsib qhov chaw.
  5. Cov plaub hau tiav lawm tuaj yeem tsau nrog cov kua roj vanish.

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab - kauj ruam los ntawm cov lus qhia

Txoj kev ua no yog ua tiav ntawm cov tawv ntub. Yog tias, tom qab ntxuav koj cov plaub hau, koj cov plaub hau twb qhuav, koj yuav tsum maj mam muab nphoo nrog dej. Muaj lwm yam kev tsis to taub uas yuav ua kom pom cov cua koj cov plaub hau zoo li cas. Piv txwv li, qhov dav ntawm papillot cuam tshuam qhov loj me ntawm curl: lub thicker qhov curlers, ntau curls. Cov txheej txheem heev ntawm cov plaub hau winding ntawm khaub hlab zoo li no:

  1. Lub strand yog sib cais thiab ib kab ntawm cov ntaub yog tso rau ntawm nws cov ntsis noo noo.
  2. Cua cov plaub hau rau ntawm daim ntaub, maj mam nce tawm. Thaum lawv ncav cuag qib xav tau (curl yuav pib nyob ntawm no), cov ntaub qhwv txoj hlua yog khi rau hauv lub pob cyuam. Txoj kev ua no yog ua tiav nrog txhua lub xauv.
  3. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cua koj cov plaub hau thaum hmo ntuj, yog li koj yuav tsum tau pw nrog cov khaub hlab ntawm koj lub taub hau.
  4. Thaum sawv ntxov, txhua lub nphuab yog pluab thiab ntxig yaj cov plaub hau. Curls tsis tas yuav mus sib txuas: koj tuaj yeem yooj yim ncaj lawv nrog koj txhais tes, thiab cov plaub hau yog npaj txhij.

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab nrog ntawv?

Qhov kev tso cai no yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov plaub hau huv thiab qhuav. Ua ntej koj cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab nrog daim ntawv, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntawm qhov xav tau loj me me ntawm curls. Qhov ntau papillots yuav siv rau curling, lub me qhov curls yuav loj. Qhov nruab nrab, rau cov plaub hau ntawm ib txwm ntom, 10 txog 15 daim ntawv qhiav thiab ntaub blanks xav tau.

Ua ntej koj cua koj cov plaub hau zoo nkauj ntawm cov khaub ncaws, lawv tau muab faib ua strands. Cov kev ua hauv qab no zoo li no:

  1. Qhov xaus ntawm lub xauv me ntsis maj mam ntxig rau ntawm curlers, tom qab ntawd maj mam sawv siab thiab ntau dua. Koj tuaj yeem cua nws nce mus rau lub hauv paus system ntawm cov plaub hau: tom qab ntawd cov curls yuav ntev. Raws li ib qho kev xaiv - ntswj cov plaub hau ntawm curlers mus rau nruab nrab (qhov no muab cov hairstyle lub teeb curls).
  2. Khi xaus rau ntawm daim ntaub npuag rau lub pob cyuam lossis hneev. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua los txhim kho cov curlers.
  3. Sab saum toj npog cov plaub hau nrog kho mousse lossis tshuaj tsuag. Sau ntawv cia rau 6-8 teev, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam so cov strands.

Yuav ua li cas kom cua ntev plaub hau ntawm khaub ncaws?

Txhawm rau ua kom cov plaub hau ntawm cov plaub hau zoo li no, koj yuav tsum npaj cov ntaub npuag hauv tsev ntau ntxiv. Xws li ib qho curl ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws ua tau zoo ib yam nkaus li ntawm cov xauv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov nta:

  1. Koj tuaj yeem cua koj cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv (yog tias koj qhwv nws, koj tau txais curls, tawm - curls zoo nkauj).
  2. Tsis txhob twist lub strands rau hauv paus heev, vim tias nws yuav nyuaj rau pw hauv lawv.
  3. Hloov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj pleev kom zoo nkauj kho kom zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem siv npias (lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tsuag ua ntej yuav muab cov plaub hau ntev qhwv rau khaub hlab)
  4. Cov xim plaub hau yuav tsum tau zoo noo ua ntej cov txheej txheem.

Yuav ua li cas cov plaub hau luv luv raug mob?

Nrog qhov ntev me me ntawm cov plaub hau, curlers yog siv los tsim ib qho "mess". Cov strands yog nyias tib lub sijhawm. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los cua plaub hau luv luv ntawm cov khaub ncaws mus rau nruab nrab, twist lawv 90 °. Khi cov ntaub qhwv ntaub yuav tsum ua kom tsis txhob sib zog thaum siv tas. Tom qab ntawd, mousse tau thov rau cov plaub hau los yog muab txau nrog cov tshuaj tsuag kom zoo thiab sab laug rau 4-6 teev. Tom qab maj mam yaj cov curls thiab ncaj lawv nrog tsib ntiv tes.

Cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab cuab yeej

Txhawm rau pauv qhov zoo hauv ob peb teev thiab sawv thaum sawv ntxov nrog curls zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem siv txoj kev tsis nco qab uas peb cov pog thiab niam tau siv. Zoo li tej yam curl, styling nrog cov khaub ncaws yuav sib ntswg cov curl thiab nws cov fixation tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, rau cov txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum npaj ua ntej npaj txhua yam koj xav tau.

Txheem taub hau ntxuav cov khoom siv

Curling yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov plaub hau huv. Yog li no, nco ntsoov npaj cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau uas koj nyiam tshaj plaws, tshuaj zas ntsej muag, npog ntsej muag lossis txias.

Yog tias koj xav kom cov plaub hau tshiab ntev ntev li ntev tau, siv cov khoom zoo tsim nyog rau koj cov plaub hau (gel, ua npuas, mousse, thiab lwm yam).

Nws raug nquahu kom muaj lub zuag nrog pob tw nyias, uas yuav yooj yim rau koj cais lub ntsuas phoo los ntawm tag nrho cov pawg.

Nws cov khaub ncaws ua lub hauv paus, yog li muab lawv tshwj xeeb. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab ib daim tshiab ntawm cov teeb meem tshiab thiab txiav rau hauv ib daim hlab. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov loj ntawm txoj hlua winding yog 15 × 5 cm. Nws yuav yooj yim rau koj los khi cov hlua zoo li ntawm koj tus kheej, txawm tias koj yog tus tshiab los tu plaub hau thiab thawj zaug koj yuav sim ua kom paub txoj kev no ntawm kev qhwv.

Phuam lossis lub teeb ceeb thawj

Txhawm rau txhawm rau zawv plaub hau kom nruj dua, koj yuav xav tau kom sov nws nrog tus kws tu plaub hau uas twb tau nyob hauv lub xeev twisted, thiab txoj phuam lossis mom yuav pab tswj qhov kub.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov plaub hau ua plaub hau curls ntawm khaub ncaws

Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb uas cov poj niam paub dhau los tuaj yeem khib lav lawv tus kheej hauv 10-15 feeb, nws zoo dua rau tus pib muab sijhawm ntau dua.

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua cov txheej txheem ua ntej mus pw. Yuav muaj sijhawm txaus txog thaum sawv ntxov kom cov curls noj cov duab uas xav tau, thiab koj tuaj yeem pw tsaug zog kom kaj lug. Yog li, cia peb los saib ib kauj ruam zuj zus saib yuav ua li cas txiav plaub hau nrog curg curlers.

Qhov npaj ua ntej

Da dej thiab ntxuav koj cov plaub hau kom huv si. Waving on rag curlers tsis tas yuav tsum tau npaj tshwj xeeb, yog li koj tuaj yeem siv koj cov khoom tu plaub hau li ib txwm thiab tseem ua cov txheej txheem muaj txiaj ntsig kom ntxiv dag zog koj cov plaub hau (nyeem yuav ua li cas ntxiv dag zog plaub hau).

Tom qab ntxuav, qhwv koj cov plaub hau hauv phuam kom yooj yim kom qhuav thiab npaj khaub ncaws.

Tus lej ntawm cov nqaij ua nyias nyob ntawm cov nyhuv xav tau. Thinner lub xauv, lub finer lub caws koj tau txais. Yog tias koj lub hom phiaj zoo li Shakira, ces txiav cov ntaub yam tsis muaj sparing. Curls nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Jennifer Lopez yuav xav tau ntau daim ntaub me me.

Ua tib zoo zuag koj cov plaub hau thiab cais cov xauv ntawm qhov xav tau tuab. Coj ib daim khaub hlab thiab khi khi rau hauv nruab nrab. Nws yuav yog qhov pib ntawm koj "curlers." Muab caws rau ntawm pob cyuam no thiab pib pib nws maj mam muab. Nco ntsoov tias ib qho plaub hau tib neeg tsis poob tawm ntawm lub strand. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov ncauj lus tsis tshua pom tseeb thaum ib feem ntawm cov plaub hau tseem nyob ncaj. Nco ntsoov, koj tuaj yeem hloov kho nws qhov siab ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub caws:

  • los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav - nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua cua strand ze ze ntawm lub taub hau li sai tau,
  • indented - txua tus thawj hairstyle thiab coj lub siab tawv coj nws mus rau lub neej,
  • tsuas yog qhov xaus - me ntsis twist lub strands muab lawv ib nthwv dej romantic.

Yog tias koj cov plaub hau tuab heev, koj tuaj yeem siv ntawv rau kev yooj yim. Quav ib txoj hlua ntawm qhov dav xis thiab muab daim ntawv qhwv ib ncig ntawm pob cyuam ntawm daim ntaub. Nws yuav dhau los ua qhov yooj yim dua rau koj ntswj koj cov plaub hau, raws li daim ntawv yuav muab cov khaub hlab curlers uas tsim nyog txhawm thiab lub zog.

Muaj tiav curling ib qho strand, khi ib daim ntaub rau ntawm pob cyuam, txhim kho cov ntaub plaub.

Cov Txheej Txheem Thermal

Tom qab koj lub taub hau zoo li khaub hlab hedgehog, koj yuav tsum hnav lub kaus mom sib zog lossis phuam so txoj phuam yooj yim.Koj tuaj yeem tsuas taug kev zoo li ntawd ib pliag lossis tshuab qhuav koj lub taub hau. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sov, cov plaub hau yuav caws zoo dua thiab coj cov duab uas muab ntawm lub curler.

Yog tias koj nyiam txav thaum hmo ntuj, koj tuaj yeem mus pw tsaug zog hauv lub kaus mom.

Hairstyle tsim

Thaum sawv ntxov, tsis txhob maj los txiav txim siab seb koj cov caws yuav caws lossis tsis tuaj. Maj mam thiab maj mam daws lub khaub hlab thiab rub lub xauv. Yog tias koj xav tau cua loj curls, ces tom qab tsis sib tsoo, zuag ib pluaj nrog ib tus zuag nrog cov hniav loj lossis tsuas yog nrog koj txhais tes txhawm rau faib plaub hau zoo nkauj.

Yog tias koj ua raws li peb cov lus qhia los ntawm cov kauj ruam, ces koj yuav tsum tau txais ib pawg ntawm cov curls zoo nkauj uas koj tuaj yeem tso raws li koj nyiam.

Tom qab koj tau tsim ib lub hairstyle, nchuav curls nrog hairspray. Qhov no yuav pab kom lub styling kav txhua hnub.

Qhov zoo ntawm curls ntawm khaub hlab

Yog tias koj tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab los sim ib qho curl ntawm cov khaub ncaws, ntawm no yog pov thawj ncaj qha rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm hom no:

Kev Nyab Xeeb - koj cov plaub hau tsis raug rau qhov kub thiab txias dhau los.

Tau txiaj ntsig - koj tsis tas yuav siv nyiaj vwm rau kev mus xyuas cov khw txiav lag luam thiab ua cov txheej txheem txiav plaub hau. Koj tsuas yog xav tau me ntsis pub dawb lub sijhawm thiab kev siab ntev.

Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig - koj tsis tas yuav muaj cov tshuaj caustic los ua cov txheej txheem.

Kev yooj yim - siv cov khaub ncaws tso cai rau koj mus pw tsaug zog zoo thiab tib lub sij hawm tau txais ib qho zoo kawg nkaus.

Kev ruaj khov - koj tsis tas yuav ua cov khaub hlab tshiab ua ntej txhua qhov cua ntsawj. Koj tuaj yeem siv lawv ntau zaus raws li koj nyiam.

Sim rau caws koj cov curls ntawm cov khaub hlab thiab tej zaum qhov kev nyiam ntawm lub styling yuav dhau los ua koj qhov ntsuas lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj.

Peb cua lub plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab

Thiab yog li, cia peb pib ua cov txheej txheem ntawm qhwv cov ntawv npaj-ua curlers. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj cov plaub hau, lossis ya raws nws nrog cov plaub hau npuas dej. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab cia li ntxuav koj cov plaub hau, ces muab nws qhuav me ntsis (sib ntswg ntawm cov plaub hau ntub yuav ua rau koj cov plaub hau). Tom ntej no, tsuas yog qhwv peb cov papillot, raws li peb tau siv. Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb los qhwv cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov plaub hau, tsuas yog cua txoj kev sib hloov raws li cov qauv qub. Thiab khi txoj xov ntev ntev nrog cov pob cyuam, thiaj li kho cov ntaub plaub.

Thov nco ntsoov tias cov khaub hlab ntawm cov plaub hau yuav tsum tau khaws cia los ntawm 6 teev, yog li hom ntawm curling no haum rau yav hmo ntuj. Pw hauv cov curlers zoo li yooj yim, thiab koj tsis tas tseem nco dab tsi hauv koj lub taub hau. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv tig los ua tus muag muag, thiab me me.

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau rau khaub hlab raub duab

Curlers raug tshem tawm mus ntev, tab sis cov curls tig tawm los ua lush, thiab zoo huv si. Ntxiv mus, khaub hlab tsis ua mob rau cov plaub hau, thiab hom no ntawm curling plaub hau yog suav tias yog maj mam rau ntawm cov plaub hau. Hauv qhov dav dav, Kuv tus kheej xav tias hom no zoo heev. Nws tau siv los ntawm peb niam, pog, thiab pog-yawg, thiab txog rau hnub no, ntau tus poj niam txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm curl. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau sim rau xyoo!

Qhov zoo ntawm waving ntawm khaub ncaws

Waving on khaub hlab yog suav tias yog lub ntuj txoj hauv kev ntawm styling. Cov thev naus laus zis no muaj ntau qhov tsis kam lees qhov zoo.

  1. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm thev naus laus zis. Tsis tas yuav yuav khoom siv kim thiab khoom siv. Txhua yam koj xav tau los ua curlers los ntawm khaub ncaws tuaj yeem nrhiav hauv txhua lub tsev.
  2. Qhov tsis muaj thermal cuam tshuam rau lub follicle. Raws li, curling plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws tsis rhuav tshem cov qauv plaub hau.
  3. Tsis muaj qhov tsis xis nyob. Koj puas tau sim pw hauv curlers? Kev lom zem yog lwm yam! Yog tias koj tsim curls nrog kev pab ntawm khaub ncaws, koj tuaj yeem ruaj ntseg mus pw, tib lub sijhawm koj yuav tsis hnov ​​qhov tsis yooj yim.

Nthuav! Kev siv cov ntaub ua kom zoo zoo li lub curler yuav tso cai rau koj los tsim ib tus qauv qub hairstyle uas tsis qis dua nyob rau hauv qhov tsis zoo rau cov qauv ua nyob rau hauv ib chav kim.

Npaj txhij yuav tsim "rag" curls

Ua ntej ua cov txheej txheem khi cov nkhaus, koj yuav tsum npaj "lub cuab tam" nws tus kheej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tsuas yog xav tau ob yam - txiab thiab cov ntaub ntawm ntuj, uas yuav tsum tau txiav mus rau hauv ib daim hlab 1-5 cm dav thiab 10-15 cm ntev. Koj tuaj yeem ntswj cov plaub hau ncaj qha rau hauv daim ntaub, lossis koj tuaj yeem siv ib txheej ntxiv hauv daim ntawv (cov ntawv me me ntawm qhov loj me 5x5 cm).

Thiab koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub so menyuam:

Rags hloov curlers - kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam cov lus qhia

Yuav ua li cas cua plaub hau rau khaub hlab? Coj kom zoo dua peb cov duab nyeem.

Kauj Ruam 1. Ntxuav koj cov plaub hau nrog zawv plaub hau, vim tias cov plaub mos "tau" coj mus tsuas yog ntxuav cov plaub hau. Qhuav lawv nrog phuam.

Kauj Ruam 2. Muab koj cov plaub hau txhuam sib xyaw nrog lub zuag thiab siv mousse, gel, npuas dej lossis lwm yam khoom. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, peb siv tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab - npias, dej qab zib lossis tshuaj yej nplooj.

Kauj Ruam 3. Peb faib cov plaub hau ua rau tsis tuab tuab.

Kauj Ruam 4. Peb kho qhov ntxeev ntawm cov strand hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub thaj thiab hloov nws mus rau qhov siab xav.

Kauj Ruam 5. khi ib daim ntaub rau ntawm pob caus.

Kauj Ruam 6. Peb cua lub taub hau tag nrho hauv txoj kev no.

Kauj Ruam 7. Peb muab qhwv nrog peb txoj phuam los yog phuam - ib puag ncig sov yuav txhim kho cov nyhuv.

Kauj Ruam 8. Peb tos txog li ntawm 4-5 teev. Nws raug nquahu kom cua cov plaub hau thaum hmo ntuj, qhov no yog qhov kev lees paub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj.

Kauj Ruam 9. Ua tib zoo kho lub pob rau ntawm khaub ncaws thiab maj mam rub tawm cov strands.

Kauj Ruam 10. Cais cov quav ua kom tiav nrog koj cov ntiv tes.

Kauj Ruam 11. Rau kev ntseeg tau, txau cov kua roj vanish nrog cov kua roj vanish.

Rau qee tus ntxhais, cov txheej txheem no yuav zoo li muaj teeb meem thiab ntev heev. Tab sis, muaj xyaum ntau zaus, koj yuav daws tau nws sai thiab deftly.

Lwm txoj kev nthuav:

Yog lawm, kev lag luam kev zoo nkauj niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntawm ntau cov curlers, irons thiab pins, tab sis tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv no yooj yim xws li cov khaub ncaws qub qub.

Dab tsi tsim nyog kom cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab

Coob tus neeg xav paub yuav ua li cas curl plaub hau ntawm khaub ncaws? Dab tsi xav tau rau qhov no? Koj yuav xav tau tsuas yog daim ntaub yooj yim lossis ib daim ntaub nyias nyias, cov ntaub qhwv caj dab thiab lub zuag. Yog tias cov plaub hau tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom lag luam kom cov curls caws tau zoo dua thiab tuav cov duab ntev dua. Ua ntej qhwv cov strands ntawm cov khaub hlab, ntxuav koj cov plaub hau kom zoo nrog tsuaj zawv plaub hau thiab yaug kom huv. Nws raug nquahu kom siv txias kom cov plaub hau mloog zoo. Tom qab ntawv npuaj lawv kom qhuav nrog phuam thiab tawm kom qhuav kom txog thaum lawv tsuas ua me ntsis noo.

Qhov zoo ntawm curling plaub hau ntawm khaub ncaws

Peb cov niam pog tuaj nrog yuav ua li cas ntswj lawv cov plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws, txij li ntawd nyob rau hnub ntawd txhua tus xav kom zoo nkauj thiab nyiam. Thiab niaj hnub no, hmoov tsis, qhov kev xaiv no yuav luag tsis nco qab. Tab sis nyob rau hauv vain, vim hais tias hom curl muaj ntau qhov zoo, xws li:

- kev nyab xeeb rau cov plaub hau, vim hais tias cov khaub ncaws tsis ua rau raug mob txhua qhov, tsis zoo li cov plaques,

- cov plaub hau tsis tawg,

- txoj hauv kev tsis ua rau kom muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum pw tsaug zog,

- khaub ncaws tsis xav tau tus nqi,

- qhov tshwm sim tsis yog qis dua rau kev ua yeeb yam.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws ua tiav

Yog li, yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab? Tsuas yog ua cov ntaub paj rwb, txiav ua ib daim hlab me me txog 6 centimeters dav. Qhwv cov plaub hau nyob hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khaub hlab mus rau qhov ntev uas koj xav tau thiab khi nws hauv ib pob. Koj tuaj yeem khi txoj phuam ntawm koj lub taub hau rau kev kho kom zoo dua, thiab tseem kom thaum lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog lawv tsis yaug tawm, thiab lawv tsis cuam tshuam nrog pw tsaug zog. Txawm tias nyob hauv phuam qhwv caj dab, kub khaws cia, uas yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub. Yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab kom tau txais zoo nkauj zoo nkauj curls? Qhov no ua tau zoo tshaj thaum hmo ntuj. Thiab pw nrog khaub hlab kom txog thaum sawv ntxov.

Yog tias koj tsis xav mus pw nrog lawv lossis koj tsis muaj sijhawm, nco ntsoov - cov khaub ncaws yuav tsum khaws cia tsawg kawg yog 3-4 teev. Txwv tsis pub, cov plaub hau yuav tsis caws lossis caws, tab sis tsis tshua muaj zog, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav xav tau tsis tsuas yog tsim cov plaub hau tshiab, tab sis kuj kho qhov qub. Yog tias koj sawv ntsug nws rau 4 teev, tom qab ntawd txog ntawm tib lub sijhawm nws yuav tuav yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv. Txhawm rau kom ua kom ntev dua thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov plaub hau, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv plaub hau muaj txiaj ntsig xws li cov kua roj vanish, mousse, siv quav ciab thiab ua npuas ncauj. Peb cov poj koob yawm txwv tsis muaj lub cav zoo li no thiab siv dej ua suab thaj los yog npias.

Qhia txog yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm khaub ncaws, duab tso rau hauv qab no.

Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws

Yuav ua li cas cua koj cov plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws kom nws yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau lawv tshem tawm, yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov strands? Koj yuav tsum tau maj mam cua, tusyees thiab ib qho mus rau ib qho. Thiab tua - tib txoj kev. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tsis txhob maj, yog li tsis mus khi koj cov plaub hau. Tam sim ntawd, muaj kev tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws, curl yuav tsum tau txau nrog cov kua roj vanish, qhov qub yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov seem uas seem.

Yuav ntev npaum li cas nws coj mus cua cov plaub hau ntawm khaub hlab

Sib ntswg cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv txoj kev no yuav zoo li txheej txheem ntev thiab nyuaj, tab sis nws tsis yog. Yog tias koj nqa tawm cov kev ua kom zoo li no ob peb zaug, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tau txais txoj kev dai ntawm nws thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov plaub hau no sai sai. Tom qab tag nrho, peb cov pog feem ntau mob lawv cov plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg muaj cov duab ntawm cov plaub hau zoo li no hauv cov tsev khaws ntaub ntawv. Cov poj niam feem ntau uas siv hom no ntawm curling lawv cov plaub hau hais tias hom no yuav siv sijhawm tsis ntau dua li curling nrog curler.

Rags ib txwm pab tawm

Ntxiv rau txhua qhov ntawm cov saum toj no, hom no yuav pab tau txawm tias muaj kev cia siab ntau tshaj plaws, thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob lossis txoj hauv kev los mus rau tus kws tu plaub hau, thiab koj yuav tsum tau nrawm nrawm. Rags - qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog thiab tsis tsim nyog, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim. Txawm tias qhov teeb meem tsis muaj kev cia siab koj yuav pom koj tus kheej, tsis txhob tu siab, nco ntsoov tias cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav ib txwm pab koj ua ib tus zoo nkauj hairstyle. Koj tseem tuaj yeem tso ib daim ntawv rau ntawm daim ntaub qhwv yog tias muaj kev ntshai tias cov plaub hau yuav ua xoob thiab yuav dua thaum tshem tawm.

Neat mos curls tau ntev muab tus poj niam tsos rhiab thiab naturalness. Cov neeg taug kev-los ntawm luag ib txwm luag nyav thiab ntsia ib tus ntxhais dhau los uas muaj huab cua zoo nkauj. Thiab txawm hais tias lub sijhawm stellar ntawm waving ntawm khaub ncaws tau dhau los ntev, tseem qee zaum muaj lub siab xav mus rau yav dhau los thiab kho koj tus kheej rau tej yam txawv txawv. Thiab lub txiaj ntsig tsis zoo curls yuav yeej ib txwm muab mus ob peb vas.

Yog lawm, hnub no peb tau qhia ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim cov curls. Ntau yam curlers, curling irons thiab cov cuab yeej ntxiv rau kev kho kom zoo dua. Tab sis tseem tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog cov qub khaub ncaws zoo uas yuav ib txwm pab tawm thiab yuav tsis qaub koj cov plaub hau. Qhov tshwm sim yuav ib txwm zoo siab thiab ua rau koj tsis txaus siab, vim hais tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm curls yuav tsis txawv ntawm cov uas tau tsim ntawm cov swm swm thiab curling irons. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - ib txwm siv nyiaj rau kev txhim kho ntxiv, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav zoo nkauj tshaj plaws.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom no ntawm curling

  • Tej zaum thawj zaug qhwv yuav zoo li nyuaj thiab koj xav tau kev pab kom faib tus xa xov thiab maj mam caws koj cov plaub hau kom txog thaum koj sau koj txhais tes.
  • Tsis muaj ib tus neeg tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev ntseeg tsob ntoo! Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thaum muab ntaub qhwv rau papillots.
  • Yuav kom cua cov plaub hau rau ntawm cov khaub ncaws, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau dua li tsim curls nrog curling hlau lossis styler. Nws yuav siv sijhawm li ntawm 4-5 teev los kho kom tiav.

Txwv tsis pub, txoj kev curling no tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim tsis yog qis dua rau cov tsoos curlers lossis cov khoom siv cua sov.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim cov plaub hau

Vim tias qhov tseeb ntawm qhov txheej txheem curling no yog kev nyab xeeb kiag li, nws haum rau txhua hom plaub hau thiab yuav luag txhua qhov ntev. Qhov yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav curl plaub hau siv khaub hlab yog rau tus tswv ntawm cov plaub hau ntev, tab sis yog tias koj sim, koj tuaj yeem caws plaub hau. Yog lawm, qhov ntev yuav cuam tshuam qhov loj me ntawm curls, tab sis txawm tias cov plaub hau tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig yuav nce ntim thiab zoo nkauj.

Cov kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam curling cov lus qhia

Ua ntej winding, koj yuav tsum tsim cov papillots:

Nqa cov paj rwb ntaub thiab txiab, txiav cov ntaub coj los xaws li 10-15 centimeters ntev thiab txog 5 centimeters dav.

Qhov loj ntawm cov strips yog nyob ntawm qhov ntev thiab tuab, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig yam xav tau: los ua cov curls me me ntawm cov khaub ncaws, nyias cov npuag tau txaus, yog tias koj xav tau cov curls loj, siv cov ntawv loj thiab tuab.

Yog tias koj tsis muaj dab tsi los ua khaub ncaws rau curling, koj tuaj yeem siv ntaub qhwv caj dab, ntaub qhwv caj dab, ntaub qhwv, txawm tias cov phuam duav zoo tib yam.

Ua ntej koj caws koj cov plaub hau rau ntawm daim ntaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum npaj lawv. Ntxuav koj cov plaub hau thiab qhuav cov plaub hau nrog phuam - nws yuav tsum nyob twj ywm me ntsis noo. Ua tib zoo thiab ua ke nrog cov strands, thov txhua tus txhim kho tus neeg sawv cev rau lawv thiab faib nws raws tag nrho ntev.

Cov plaub mos mos yuav tsum mob rau ntawm cov plaub hau ntxooj me ntsis - yog tias cov plaub hau tau tswj kom tag nrho cov ziab, siv cov tshuaj tsuag rau dej kom ntub lub ntsuas phoo.

  • Faib cov plaub hau rau hauv strands. Lub thinner strand, finer lub curl.
  • Nthuav qhov ntxeev ntawm strand hauv nruab nrab ntawm papillot thiab pib curling koj cov plaub hau kom txog thaum koj mus txog qhov siab xav. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm curling yooj yim tso cai rau koj los ua ib nthwv dej los ntawm cov hauv paus heev los caws koj cov plaub hau los ntawm nruab nrab lossis hauv qab no.
  • Thaum txoj hlua khis ntswg me, rub cov xaus ntawm daim ntaub coj mus rau hauv lub pob cyuam los kho lub log. Txoj phuam dav yooj yim rau untie, yog li npaj los txiav cov papillos nyias thaum sawv ntxov.

  • Ua li no, cua tshuab tag nrho cov plaub hau, tom qab ntawd npog koj lub taub hau nrog txoj phuam lossis txoj phuam. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib tsoo yog tias koj ua daim ntawv tso cai thaum hmo ntuj, thiab tseem txhim kho cov nyhuv.
  • Yuav kom tau txais cov feem ntau zoo nkauj curls, koj yuav tsum tos tsawg kawg 5 teev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cua koj cov plaub hau thaum hmo ntuj: thaum koj pw tsaug zog zoo, cov plaub hau yuav nqa ntawm qhov tsim nyog xav tau.
  • Tom qab lub sijhawm curl tau dhau los, ua tib zoo saib daim ntaub papillots. Tsis txhob maj thiab nthuav tawm lawv tus kheej thiaj li tsis txhob txaj muag thiab tawg lub curls.
  • Ntsia koj cov plaub hau nrog koj cov ntiv tes los muab nws cov duab yam xav ua, muab curls, kho nrog cov kua roj vanish. Xaiv, koj tuaj yeem dai nws nrog khoom ntxiv.

Ib khub ntawm curling cov tswv yim

  • Yog tias koj xav tau cov txiaj ntsig ntuj ntau dua, siv cov kab txaij sib txawv ntawm tib lub sijhawm tib lub sijhawm.
  • Cov plaub hau curled ntawm ib daim khaub hlab khaws nws cov duab rau ntev li ntev tau thaum koj tos lub sijhawm ua ntej koj tsis tuaj yeem. Rau cov nyhuv siab tshaj plaws, nws raug nquahu kom cua strands yav tsaus ntuj, thiab ua plaub hau thaum sawv ntxov.
  • Curls nyob ntev dua yog tias kho cov neeg siv.

Xav tau kom loj dua kauv curls? Tom qab ntawd koj xav tau tsis tsuas yog ib daim ntaub, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ob peb daim ntawv (cov ntawv ua haujlwm zoo tib yam rau Xerox A4 hom yog haum). Txiav cov ntawv rau hauv cov hlab loj (txog 8 cm) - qhov loj ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej curl nyob ntawm qhov dav.

Tom qab ntawv yob cov haujlwm ua haujlwm rau hauv thooj voos kheej kheej, qhwv lawv nyob hauv daim ntaub ntawm qhov loj me. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tau txais ntau dua ywj papillot, me ntsis zoo li curlers zoo tib yam. Tsim ib qho curl tib txoj kev yog tias koj siv cov khaub ncaws dog dig tsis muaj ntawv.

Curling plaub hau ntawm cov khaub ncaws yog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo uas cov khw txiav khoom kim thiab cov khoom siv dag zog tsis tau tsim nyog rau kev hnav khaub ncaws zoo nkauj, ua siab ntev me ntsis thiab muaj lub siab xav ua kom zoo nkauj yog qhov txaus. Kev sim, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem caws txawm tias tsis muaj hluav taws xob thiab muaj hlau curling.